Idar-Oberstayn - Idar-Oberstein

Idar-Oberstayn
Schloss Oberstein, Obershteyn tepasidagi tepalikdagi qal'a
Gerb
Idar-Obersteynning Birkenfeld tumani ichida joylashgan joyi
Idar-Oberstayn Germaniya xaritasini ko'rsatish Idar-Oberstayn Reynland-Pfalz xaritasini ko'rsatish
Koordinatalari: 49 ° 42′41 ″ N. 7 ° 18′47 ″ E / 49.71139 ° N 7.31306 ° E / 49.71139; 7.31306Koordinatalar: 49 ° 42′41 ″ N. 7 ° 18′47 ″ E / 49.71139 ° N 7.31306 ° E / 49.71139; 7.31306
Mamlakat	Germaniya
Shtat	Reynland-Pfalz
Tuman	Birkenfeld
Hukumat
• Shahar hokimi	Frank Frühauf (CDU )
Maydon
• Jami	91,56 km2 (35,35 kvadrat milya)
Balandlik	300 m (1000 fut)
Aholisi  (2019-12-31)[1]
• Jami	28,520
• zichlik	310 / km2 (810 / sqm mil)
Vaqt zonasi	UTC + 01: 00 (CET )
• Yoz (DST )	UTC + 02: 00 (CEST )
Pochta kodlari	55743
Kodlarni terish	06781, 06784
Avtotransport vositalarini ro'yxatdan o'tkazish	BIR
Veb-sayt	www.idar-oberstein.de

Shahar panoramasi

Kechasi Idar-Oberstayn

Havodan suratga olish

Schloss Oberstein-dan Idar-Obersteynga qarash

Idar-Oberstayn shaharcha Birkenfeld tuman yilda Reynland-Pfalz, Germaniya. Kabi Große kreisangehörige Stadt (tumanga tegishli bo'lgan katta shahar), u tumanning kichik munitsipalitetlari uchun tuman ma'muriyati zimmasiga yuklangan ba'zi vazifalarni o'z zimmasiga oladi. Bugungi Idar-Obershteyn shahri ma'muriy islohotlarning ikki bosqichi samarasidir, ulardan biri 1933 yilda, ikkinchisi 1969 yilda ko'plab munitsipalitetlar birlashib ketgan. Turli xil Stadtteil Biroq, Idar va Obershteynda uchraydigan shaharlik xarakteridan tashqari, har bir markazning qishloq sifatida tarixini tinglashga moyil bo'lgan asl xususiyatlarini saqlab qolishdi. Idar-Obersteyn qimmatbaho toshlar shaharchasi sifatida tanilgan, shuningdek garnizon shahar. Bu, shuningdek, shahridagi eng katta shaharcha Xansruk.

Geografiya

Manzil

Shahar janubning janubiy qismida joylashgan Xansruk daryoning ikki tomonida Naxe.

Ta'sischi jamoalar

2015 yil 31-dekabr holatiga ko'ra Idar-Oberstayn shahridagi bo'linmalar:

Markazlar 1933 yilda ma'muriy islohotlarda birlashdi

• Obershteyn (7,834 nafar aholi)
• Idar (7,897 nafar aholi)
• Tiefenshteyn (2,489 nafar aholi)
• Algenrodt (1,846 nafar aholi)

Jami aholi: 20 066

Markazlar 1969 yilda ma'muriy islohotlarda birlashdilar

• Göttschied (2,928 nafar aholi)
• Veyerbax (2536 nafar aholi; maydoni 751,6 ga)
• Nahbollenbax (1899 nafar aholi; maydoni 821,7 ga)
• Mittelbollenbax (1060 nafar aholi; maydoni 360,9 ga)
• Kirxenbollenbax (787 nafar aholi; maydoni 227,5 ga)
• Regulshauzen (874 nafar aholi)
• Entsvayler (686 nafar aholi)
• Georg-Veyerbax (661 nafar aholi)
• Hammerstayn (504 nafar aholi; maydoni 217,5 ga)

Jami aholi: 11,935

Iqlim

Yillik yog'ingarchilik Idar-Oberstaynda 774 mm, butun Germaniya uchun yog'ingarchilik jadvalining o'rtasiga to'g'ri keladi. 57% da Germaniya ob-havo xizmati ob-havo stantsiyalari, pastki ko'rsatkichlar qayd etiladi. Eng quruq oy aprel. Eng ko'p yog'ingarchilik dekabr oyida keladi. O'sha oyda yog'ingarchilik aprel oyiga nisbatan 1,6 baravar ko'p. Yog'ingarchilik deyarli farq qilmaydi va yil davomida bir tekis tarqaladi. Ob-havo stantsiyalarining atigi 13 foizida mavsumiy mavsum pastroq belanchak qayd qilingan.

Tarix

Obershteynning ko'rinishi Matthaus Merian

Obershteynning ko'rinishi, taxminan 1875 yil, yog'li rasm van Prouyen tomonidan

Idar bozori va Schule "Am Markt" - Bozordagi maktab

Idar-Obershteynning alohida markazlarining hududiy tarixi mahalliy hududda lordlar domenlarining ancha bo'linishi bilan ajralib turadi. Faqatgina Napoleon marta, 1794 yildan boshlab, qayta tashkil etilishi va turli hududiy birliklarning birlashishi bilan mahalliy lordshiplarning an'anaviy mishmashiga ba'zi tartiblar kiritildi. Biroq, ko'p o'tmay, Vena kongressi Nahe daryosi chegaraga aylanganda va uning shimoliy sohilidagi markazlar shu tariqa Birkenfeld knyazligiga birlashtirilganligi sababli kelajakdagi shahar bo'linishini olib keldi. eksklav ning Oldenburg Buyuk knyazligi, hududining aksariyati hozirgi shimoli-g'arbiy Germaniyada bo'lgan, qirg'oq bo'yi bo'lgan Shimoliy dengiz.

Idar va Obershteyn shaharlari tegishli edi Daun-Oberstayn baronlari (keyinchalik kim bo'lgan Falkenshteyn graflari 1670 yilgacha. 1865 yilda Idarga ham, Obersteynga ham shahar huquqi berildi va nihoyat 1933 yilda ular (Algenrodt va Tiefenshteyn munitsipalitetlari bilan birgalikda) majburan birlashdilar. Natsistlar zamonaviy Idar-Oberstayn shaharchasini shakllantirish.

1794 yilda boshlangan frantsuz qayta tashkil etilishigacha bo'lgan tarix

Obershteynning tashkil etuvchi jamoasi o'sdi Imperial darhol Obershteynning lordligi. The Herren vom Stein ("Tosh lordlari") birinchi hujjatli filmni 1075 yilda eslatib o'tdilar va ularning o'rni Bosselshteyn qasrida edi, u hozirgi kunda Altes Shloss ("Qadimgi Palatial Qal'a") va keyinchalik yuqorida quriladigan joy Felsenkirche ("Crag Church") o'zi haqida XII asrdayoq eslatib o'tilgan. Xo'jayinlik chayqalgan hududning yadrosi Nahe, Idarbax, Göttenbax va Ringelbax bilan o'ralgan. 1323 yildan keyin tosh lordlari o'zlarini "fon Daun-Oberstayn" deb atashdi va ular o'zlarining xo'jayinlarini, hatto Naxening janubida va Idarbannda kengaytira oldilar. Taxminan 1410 yilda qurilgan eski shahar devorining qoldiqlari bilan qal'asi va istehkomlari bilan o'tirgan o'rindiq sifatida "Im Gebuk" (prepozitsiya iborasi, lekin bu ism uchun ishlatilgan, bu holda yo'l uchun) - Obersteyn rivojlanishi mumkin ammo shaharning o'ziga xos xususiyatlari, ammo hech qachon o'zini bozor shaharining huquqiy maqomiga ega bo'lmasdan (Fleken). 1682 yilda Leyningen graflari -Hidesxaym va 1766 yilda Limburg-Styrum graflari, Idarbann bo'lganidan keyin asosan yuqorida aytib o'tilgan lordlar yadrosiga qaytgan Oberstayn Lordligining egalariga aylandi. berildi "to'siq" ga Sponxaym okrugi 1771 yilda. 1776 yilda Margraves ning Baden Sponxaymning "Xinder" okrugi bo'linib bo'lgandan keyin Lordship egalariga aylandi.

Bu ma'lum arxeologik hozirgi Idar hududida odamlarning joylashishi eng qadimgi davrlarga borib taqalishini aniqladi. Naxening o'ng qirg'og'idagi Idarning tashkil etuvchi jamoasi, Entsvayler, Algenrodt, Makenrodt, Hettenrodt, Xettsteyn, Obertiefenbax va Kirshveyler, Idarbannga. Ushbu hudud asosan Obershteyn lordlariga tegishli edi va shuning uchun Obershteyn bilan o'z tarixi bilan o'rtoqlashadi; ammo, ba'zi markazlarda, xususan Tiefenbax va Kirshveylerda ba'zi mulklar va huquqlar boshqa lordlar tomonidan egalik qilgan, masalan. Waldgraves va Rinegraves va Tuli Abbey.

Tiefenshteynning tashkil etuvchi jamoasi 1909 yilda Tiefenbax va Xettsteyn qishloqlarining birlashishidan kelib chiqqan. Ushbu Idarbann jamoasining hududiy tarixi Idar va Obershteyn bilan bir xil. Tiefenbax 1283 hujjatida mulk sifatida tilga olingan; 1051 yildagi boshqa hujjatli eslatmani qishloq bilan aniq bog'lash mumkin emas. Xettsteyn nomi bilan tilga olingan Xentsestein yoki Xezerten 1321 yilda va uning aholisi orasida Valdgravial sub'ektlar bo'lgan.

Algenrodt qishlog'ida birinchi hujjatli hujjat bor edi Alekenrod 1321 yilda qabul qilingan Obershteyn hujjati. 1324 yilda Obershteyn lordlari uni Kirburgdagi Valdgreyv va Reyngreyflarga va'da qildilar. Ammo buning uchun Algenrodt boshqa Idarbann jamoalari bilan o'z tarixini o'rtoqlashadi.

Entsvayler odamzotda yashagan izlari bilan faxrlanadi Rim marta. 1276 yilda Tuli Abbey Entsvayler yaqinidagi tegirmonga egalik qildi. Qishloqning o'zi XIV asrda paydo bo'lishi mumkin edi va u har doim Idarbannning bir qismi edi.

Naxening shimolidagi Georg-Veyerbax qishlog'i, daryo tomon keskin tushgan quruqlikdagi teraslarga o'xshash tarzda qurilgan, ehtimol cherkov poydevoriga qaytib borishi mumkin. Maynts arxiyepiskopi Xatto II 10-asrda. 11-asrda bu qishloq Wirebach lordlari (ya'ni Veyerbax) bilan bog'liq holda eslatilgan. Qisqa vaqt ichida Randek lordlari tasarrufida bo'lgan qishloq 1327 yilda asosan Valdgreyv va Reyngreyvlarga sotilib, guruhlarga birlashtirildi. Amt Kirburg. "Georgi-Veyerbax" shakli cherkov homiysi avliyo.

1271 yilda birinchi hujjatli eslatmasi bo'lgan Göttschied Regulshausen bilan birga bo'lgan, Gerach va Hintertiefenbax Mettlach Abbeyga. Shuning uchun bu to'rt qishloq "nomi bilan tanilgan" Abteidörfer ("Abbey qishloqlari"), va 1561 yilda ular Sponxaymning "Xinder" okrugiga sotilgan.

1438 yilda Sponsheym okrugida saqlanadigan soliqlar kitobida Xamersviller (hozirgi kunda Xammershteyn deb yuritilgan) haqida eslatib o'tilgan va 1269 yildayoq Shvartsenberg graflarini o'zlariga qo'shib olgan Sponxaymning "Xinder" okrugi tomonidan yuritilgan.

Kirxenbollenbax qishlog'ining kelib chiqishi deb qaraladi, bu Maynts arxiyepiskopi tomonidan cherkovning asosidir. Willigis 975 yildan bir muncha vaqt o'tgach. Qishloqning dastlabki hujjatli dalillari chaqirilgan paytdan boshlab 1128 yilga borib taqaladi Bolinbax. Birinchi bo'lib a bo'lganligi ma'lum fief Shvartsenberg lordlari tomonidan Tsveybruken grafidan ushlab turilgan, keyinchalik u 1595 yilda Kirnning Valdgraves va Rinegraveslariga o'tgan. Bu erda mahalliy o'ziga xos xususiyatlardan biri shundaki, a Katolik aks holda, asosan, yon chiziq Protestant Reyngreyvz Kirxenbollenbaxda va knyaz Yoxann Dominik boshchiligida o'zini tutib turdi. Salm -Kyrburg, bu yo'nalish nafaqat yangi katolik cherkoviga asos solgan, balki bir vaqtda mahalliy cherkovda.

Bugungi Mittelbollenbax qishlog'ining poydevori 1283 yilda Winterhauch o'rmonzorlari hududida Obershteyn lordlarining xoldingi sifatida eslatib o'tilgan Bollenbaxning mulki ekanligi aytiladi. 1432 yilda Lotaringiya gersoglari Nabbollenbax va Mittelbollenbax bilan o'ralgan edilar, bu oxirgi Oberstayn lordining o'limidan keyin murakkab meros kelishuvlari bo'yicha achchiq tortishuvlarga olib keldi. Faqat 1778 yilda Lotaringiya nihoyat da'volaridan voz kechdi Saylov Trier yaxshilik.

1667 yilgacha Nahbollenbax va Mittelbollenbax bir xil tarixni bo'lishgan. Keyin, Nahbollenbax Lotaringiya tomonidan tan olingan allodial Obershteynni ushlab turish, garchi 1682 yilda boshlangan bo'lsa ham, Oberstein tomonidan o'tkazilgan Electoral-Trier fiefi edi.

Regulshauzenning "abbey qishlog'i" Mettlax Abbeyga tegishli bo'lib, u 1561 yilda uni Sponxaymning "Xinder" okrugiga sotgan. Eng qadimgi hujjatli eslatma 1491 yilga tegishli.

Veyerbax qishlog'i - yuqorida aytib o'tilgan Georg-Veyerbax bilan aralashmaslik kerak - birinchi hujjatli hujjat 1232 yilda Veygerbaxva tegishli bo'lgan Amt Spambeymning "Keyingi" okrugidagi Naumburg shahrining o'zi, keyinchalik o'zini Baden Margreyves egallagan va bu qishloqqa o'zining muqobil nomi Baden-Veyerbaxni bergan. Martin-Veyerbaxning tez-tez ishlatib turadigan boshqa muqobil nomi cherkov homiysi avliyo.

Frantsiya, Oldenburg va Prussiya davrlari

Keyin Frantsuz barcha eski lordliklarni tarqatib yuborishdi, ular 1794 yildan boshlab hududiy (va ijtimoiy) tuzilmani tubdan qayta tashkil etishdi. tuman yilda Birkenfeld Bo'lim ning Sarre. 1814 yilgacha bu Frantsiya hududi edi. Ning kiritilishi Fuqarolik kodi, adolat islohoti va eng avvalo, majburiy mehnat va boshqa vazifalarni bekor qilish bilan zodagonlar va ruhoniy sinflarni bekor qilish, ilgari hozirgi kuchsiz lordlarga qarzdor bo'lganligi sababli tezda frantsuzlar hukmronligini ommalashtirdilar. Biroq, yangi hukmdorlar tomonidan yuklangan juda og'ir soliq yuki bor edi va davom etmoqda ham muddatli harbiy xizmatga chaqirish Frantsiya armiyasiga erkaklar. Bu ikkala narsa ham Frantsiyaga og'irlik qildi Reynland fuqarolar.

Keyin Napoleon qoida tugadi, maydon qayta tuzildi. 25-modda asosida^[2] ning xulosa aktlari Vena kongressi, Sarre departamentining shimoliy qismi dastlab Shohligiga berilgan edi Prussiya 1815 yil iyun oyida.

Prussiya 1815 yil shartlariga binoan majbur bo'lganligi sababli Parij shartnomasi 69000 nafar aholini o'z ichiga olgan ushbu uchastkadan o'zga hududlarni boshqa kuchlarga berish - har biri 20000 nafardan Saks-Koburg va Gota va Oldenburg gersogi, kichik knyazlarga kichik sessiyalar bilan birga - va bu ham 49-moddada tasdiqlangan edi^[3] Vena kongressining yakunlovchi hujjatlaridan kelib chiqib, hudud yanada hududiy bo'linishga uchradi.

Naxening janubidagi qishloqlar - Hammershteyn, Kirxenbollenbax, Mittelbollenbax, Nahbollenbax va Martin-Vayerbax - shuning uchun 1816 yilda Saks-Koburg va Gota gersoglari tasarrufidagi Lixtenberg knyazligiga ko'chirilgan. Gersoglar ushbu hududiy yutuqdan qoniqishmadi va o'z navbatida, hududdagi odamlar yangi hukmdorlaridan qoniqish hosil qilmadilar. 1834 yilda bu maydon ikki millionga sotilgan Taler Prussiyaga va Sankt-Vendel okrugiga borgan. Keyinchalik, keyin Birinchi jahon urushi, Versal shartnomasi Sankt-Vendel okrugidagi 94 ta munitsipalitetdan 26 tasini o'z qo'liga topshirishi shartligini, shu qatorda Inglizlar - va frantsuzcha -egallab olingan Saar. Qolgan 68 ta munitsipalitet keyinchalik "Restkreis St. Wendel-Baumholder" belgisini oldi, uning birinchi bo'g'ini Restkreis ingliz tili bilan bir xil ma'noga ega, "qolgan" ma'nosida. Prussiyaliklar o'zlarini etakchilarga unchalik yoqtirmas edilar, chunki ular ba'zida o'zlarining buyruqlarini harbiy kuch bilan o'rnatganlar. Ular tanilgan va nafratlangan, chunki boshqa narsalar qatori norozilik namoyishini uyushtirgan Gambach festivali yilda Sankt Vendel 1832 yil may oyida a ozodlik ustuni Napoleon urf-odatlarida, Koburg bu masalada Prussiyani yordamga chaqirgandan so'ng, harbiy kuch ishlatib oxirigacha.

Idar, Obershteyn, Tiefenshteyn, Algenrodt, Entsvayler, Georg-Vayerbax, Götschiyed, Entsvayler va Regulshauzen 1817 yil 16 aprelda yangi tashkil etilgan Birkenfeld knyazligining tarkibiga kirdilar. Ular shuningdek Amt tarkibiga kiruvchi Obershteyn Bürgermeistereien ("Mayoralties") Herrstein, Oberstein va Fishbach. Frantsiya qonunlari turishiga ruxsat berildi. Ammo gersog a Staatsgrundgesetz ("Asosiy davlat qonuni"), ular bilan kelishmagan odamlar, chunki ular Prussiyada qolishni afzal ko'rishardi. Ushbu patchwork yorgan ustida ishlash davom etdi kichik shtatlar Idar va Obershteynda Germaniyani qamrab olish juda tanqidiy baholandi Birkenfeld Yangi siyosiy kelishuv natijasida shaharchaga ko'tarilgan, shikoyat qiladigan narsa topilmadi. U erda zargarlik buyumlari sanoati, hatto shu vaqtga qadar milliy, ehtimol xalqaro miqyosga aylangan va haqiqatan ham ozgina viloyat yo'naltirilgan shaharchada istiqomat qilayotgan zargarlarning o'zlari yangi tuzilmani orqada qolgan qadam sifatida qabul qilishdi. ayniqsa, Frantsiya hukmronlik qilgan yillardan keyin. Uning dunyoviy metropoli bor edi Parij uning yaxshi biznesi bilan. Shuning uchun dilerlar g'ayrat bilan harakat qildilar, ammo muvaffaqiyatsiz o'z erlarini Prussiyaga qaytarib olishga urinishdi. Boshqa tomondan, Oldenburgerlar tezda mustaqil sud tizimini o'rnatgan fidoyi hukumatni o'rnatib, fermerlar va iqtisodiyotga qulay bo'lgan turli dasturlarni joriy qilish orqali o'zlarini xalq orasida mashhur qilishga erishdilar. Yaxshi tartibga solingan maktab tizimi - 1830 yilda Obershteynda davlat maktabi qurildi va harbiy chaqiruvni vaqtincha to'xtatib qo'yish bu ijobiy manzarani qo'llab-quvvatlashga yordam berdi. Yo'llar kengaytirildi va pochta murabbiylari xizmati (odamlar uchun, ommaviy jo'natmalar va katta hajmdagi mahsulotlar uchun) tashkil etildi. Bino tomonidan yanada iqtisodiy ko'tarilish yuzaga keldi Nahe vodiysi temir yo'li, ayniqsa cho'zilganida Yomon Kreuznach Obershteynga 1859 yil 15-dekabrda ochilgan.

Birinchi jahon urushidan beri

Qachon Birinchi jahon urushi Oldenburgning Buyuk Dyuk Fridrix Avgusti tugadi taxtdan voz kechdi, natijada Landesteil Oldenburgning Ozod shtatidagi Birkenfeld (so'zma-so'z "mamlakat qismi") eski knyazlikdan kelib chiqqan. Bu Landesteilbutun Reynland bilan birga 1918 yil 4-dekabrda frantsuzlar tomonidan ishg'ol qilindi. Ular 1930 yil 30-iyunga qadar chekinmadilar.

Oldenburgda Landtag 1931 yildagi saylovlar NSDAP berilgan ovozlarning 37 foizidan ko'pini oldi, ammo hukumatni tuza olmadi. Natsistlar avval mavjud hukumatga bag'rikenglik deklaratsiyasidan voz kechgandan so'ng, ular tez orada undan talab qilishdi Landtag erigan. Bu yaqinda bo'lmaganligi sababli, fashistlar referendum o'tkazishga da'vo arizasi bilan murojaat qilishdi va ular o'z yo'llarini topdilar. Bu natijaga olib keldi eritma 1932 yil 17-aprelda. Keyingi 20-may kuni bo'lib o'tgan yangi saylovlarda fashistlar xalqning 48,38% ovozini qo'lga kiritishdi va shu bilan 46-o'rindan 24tasini egallashdi. Landtag, bu ularga mutlaq ko'pchilikni berdi. O'sha paytgacha o'zini o'zi boshqaradigan shahar bo'lgan Idarda Milliy sotsialistlar berilgan ovozlarning 70 foizidan ko'prog'ini olishdi. Ular shu tariqa allaqachon, hech bo'lmaganda Oldenburgda, tomonidan tasdiqlangan holda boshqarishi mumkin edi Germaniya milliy xalq partiyasi, undan oldin ham, uning qo'lida ikkita o'rindiq bo'lgan Adolf Gitler Ning rasmiy hokimiyatni tortib olish 1933 yilda. Yangi hukumatning birinchi tashabbuslaridan biri Oldenburg uchun ma'muriy islohot edi, undan keyin 1933 yil 27 aprelda xuddi shunday Gesetz zur Vereinfachung und Verbilligung der Verwaltung ("Ma'muriyatni soddalashtirish va uning narxini pasaytirish to'g'risidagi qonun") uchun Landesteil Birkenfeld. Ushbu yangi qonun orqali ilgari o'zini o'zi boshqaradigan 18 ta munitsipalitet birlashtirildi; Bunga Idar-Oberstaynning yangi shaharchasini tashkil qilish uchun bir-biri bilan, shuningdek Algenrodt va Tiefenshteyn munitsipalitetlari bilan birlashtirilgan Idar va Oberstaynning (1865 yilda shahar huquqlari berilgan) o'z-o'zini boshqarish shaharlari kiradi. Qonun kelajakda nima bo'lishini oldindan aytib berdi: bu bir necha hafta ichida, qo'shimcha muhokamasiz yoki ishtirokisiz, jamoatchilikni chetlashtirishga va hattoki xohlaysizmi, degan savol ham berilmagan munitsipalitetlarning irodasiga qarshi qo'llaniladi. Gertshteyn va Obervoresbax, Rotsvayler va Nokental yoki Xopststedten va Veyersbax kabi. Qayta qurish, shuningdek, natsistlarga ba'zi "kiruvchi" narsalardan xalos bo'lish imkoniyatini berdi; ostida Kreisleiter (okrug rahbari) Idardan bo'lgan Wild, barcha muhim davlat lavozimlari Gitler fashistlar tomonidan qulatilguniga qadar bo'lgan.

1937 yilda, asosida Buyuk Gamburg qonuni, Landesteil Birkenfeld tarqatib yuborilgan va "Restkreis St. Wendel-Baumholder" bilan birga Birkenfeldning Prussiya tumaniga ko'chirilgan,^[4] bugungi kunda xuddi shu tumandagi Idar-Oberstaynning barcha jamoalarini o'zida mujassam etgan ish.

Keyin Ikkinchi jahon urushi, butun tuman bilan bir qatorda, shaharning barcha munitsipal hududi o'sha paytda yangi tashkil etilgan shaharga o'tdi davlat ning Reynland-Pfalz.

1960 yil 1 aprelda Idar-Oberstayn shahri a deb e'lon qilindi Große kreisangehörige Stadt (tumanga tegishli bo'lgan katta shahar) shtat hukumati tomonidan, shahar o'zi maqom olish uchun murojaat qilganidan keyin.^[5]

Birlashish

Ma'muriy qayta qurish jarayonida Reynland-Pfalz, atrofdagi to'qqizta munitsipalitet Idar-Obershteyn bilan birlashtirildi. 1969 yil 7-iyunda Entsvayler, Gotttsed, Hammerstaytn va Regulshauzen munitsipalitetlari birlashtirildi va 1970 yil 7-noyabrda ularni Georg-Veyerbax, Kirxenbollenbax, Mittelbollenbax, Nahbollenbax va Vayerbax kuzatib borishdi.

Ma'muriy qayta tuzilishdan oldin Idar-Oberstayn meri doktor Vittmann tomonidan atrofdagi 22 ta munitsipalitetga muzokara o'tkazish takliflari bilan keng, ba'zan yopiq eshiklar ostida muzokaralar bo'lib o'tdi. Buning sabablaridan biri Idar-Oberstayn aholisi shahar tashqarisidagi atrofdagi munitsipalitetlarga ko'chib o'tishga moyilligi edi, ular yangi qurilish maydonlarini ochmoqdalar, boshqalar qatori Göttschied, Rötsvayler-Nokental va Kirschweiler - shaharning o'zida, muammoli erni hisobga olgan holda, deyarli hech kim yo'q edi. Xuddi shu muammo sanoat joylashishi uchun erlarning etishmasligi borligini ko'rdi. Idar-Obershteynning tashabbusisiz kelgan Veyerbaxning yangi katta shaharchaga qo'shilish istagi hayratlanarli edi, chunki o'sha paytda Veyerbax hatto shahar bilan chegaradosh ham bo'lmagan va Veyerbaxning o'zi kelajakda kelajak yadrosi sifatida taxmin qilingan edi. Fishbax, Georg-Vayerbax va Bollenbax munitsipalitetlari bilan birgalikda o'zining eng katta munitsipaliteti, yoki, ehtimol, shahar, asl rejasi amalga oshganida, bu munitsipalitet bilan birlashtirilgan bo'lar edi.

Georg-Vayerbax bundan mustasno, ushbu qishloqlarni Idar-Obershteyn shahri bilan birlashtirish to'g'risidagi taklif, qishloqlarning o'zida yoki o'zlarining kengashlarida, o'zlarining tegishli munitsipalitetlarini tarqatib yuborish va keyin shahar bilan birlashish foydasiga juda ko'pchilikka ega edi. Shunga qaramay, birinchisida achchiq munozaralar va hatto ma'muriy huquqiy nizolar kelib chiqqan Amt Veyerbax, hozirda uning asosiy munitsipalitetlaridan mahrum bo'lgan. 1970 yil aprel oyida Amt Vayerbax tomonidan konstitutsiyaviy shikoyat bilan murojaat qilingan Verfassungsgerichtshof Reynland-Pfalz (Reynland-Pfalts Konstitutsiyaviy sudi), 1970 yil 8 iyuldagi Reynland-Pfaltsda ma'muriy soddalashtirish to'g'risidagi davlat qonuni ayrim qismlarga zid bo'lgan deb qaror qildi. O'z-o'zini boshqarish huquqi Amt Veyerbaxning qoidalari buzilgan va shahar ligasining hayoti xavf ostida qolgan. Shunday qilib, Veyerbax, Georg-Vayerbax, Nahbollenbax, Mittelbollenbax va Kirxenbollenbax darhol ta'sirga ega bo'lib, shahar tashqarisiga chiqarildi va o'z-o'zini boshqarish munitsipalitetlari sifatida tiklandi. Idar-Oberstayn shaharchasi va birlashma tarafdorlari bilan qattiq tortishuvlardan so'ng Amt Vayerbaxning qo'shilish raqiblari bilan birgalikda, o'zlarining qarashlarini ilgari surganlar namoyishlar, yig'ilishlarda va maktub duellarida gazeta yozishmalar sahifalarida, 1970 yil sentyabr oyining boshlarida ovoz berish bilan so'rovnoma o'tkazildi Amt Veyerbax. Olingan natijalar konstitutsiyaviy sud qaroridan oldin mavjud bo'lgan vaziyatni ma'qulladi, birlashish uchun deyarli 80% ovoz bilan ovoz berdi, qolgan munitsipalitetlar esa Amt Weierbach, ya'ni Sien, Sienxachenbax, Shmidthachenbach, Fishbax, Zaubach (20-asr oxirida yo'q bo'lib ketgan qishloq) va Diksbax, ovoz berishni 95 foizga qaytarishni qo'llab-quvvatladi Amt Veyerbax.

Shaharning kengayishi bilan Birkenfeld tumanidagi tortishish markazlari ancha o'zgargan. Idar-Oberstayn yanada o'sishi mumkin o'rta markaz: o'quv muassasalari kengaytirildi (Realschule, Heinzenwies-Gimnaziya ), yangi qurilish ishlanmalari ochilishi mumkin edi (ayniqsa, Gotskiyed, Regulshausen va Vayerbaxda), yangi er uchun er mavjud edi kasalxona bino va sanoat va tijorat operatsiyalari uchun joy ham mavjud edi.

Idar-Oberstayn nafaqat yaxshi umumiy infratuzilma, balki Shtaynbax suv ombori ishga tushirilgandan so'ng, etarli darajada suv ta'minoti bilan ta'minlanganligi sababli, shahar bilan birlashish imkoniyati ko'plab boshqa munitsipalitetlar uchun jozibador bo'lib qoldi. Tomonidan o'tkazilgan shahar hokimi Wittmann tashabbusi bilan Osnabruk shaharning 25 ta boshqa qo'shni munitsipalitetlar bilan munosabatlari bo'yicha rejalashtirish byurosi, shahar kengashi Fisbbax, Dikesbax, Zaubax va boshqa shaharlarning "so'zsiz birlashishini" targ'ib qilishga qaror qildi. Mittelreidenbax, Oberreidenbax, Shmidthachenbach, Sienhachenbach, Sien, Hintertiefenbach va Vollmersbax. Rotsweiler-Nockenthal munitsipalitetlari, Siesbax, Gerach, Veitsrodt, Kirschweiler, Hettenrodt va Makenrodt ularning har biri birlashish taklifini olishi kerak edi. Keyin Birkenfelddagi tuman ma'muriyati aralashdi va bu tuman yig'ilishi tomonidan qaror qilindi (Kreistag) Idar-Obershteynning beparvo deb topilgan birlashish siyosati tsenzuraga olinishi kerak. Shu paytgacha ushbu markazlashuvlarda ham, Idar-Oberstayn shahrida ham ma'lum bir kelishmovchilik paydo bo'lganligi sababli, barcha boshqa tashabbuslar hech qayerga kelmadi yoki bekor qilindi.

Shinderhannes

Idar-Obershteynning taniqli noqonuniy Yoxannes Byukler (1777-1803) bilan aloqalari bor. Shinderhannes. Uning ota-onasi 1790 yil atrofida Idarda yashagan va Obershteyn 1796 yilda uning eng yomon xatti-harakatlariga sahna bo'lgan. U butun umrini o'tkazgan Louis d'or mehmonxonadagi ichimliklarda. U uni sotib olish uchun ishlatmoqchi bo'lgan Veitsrodt shahridagi Koch ismli mehmonxonadan o'g'irlab ketgan brendi.^[6]

Shinderhannesning sevgilisi, "Xulxen" nomi bilan tanilgan Juliana Blasius (1781–1851) Idar-Obershteynning Vayerbaxning markazidan chiqqan. U bolaligini otasi va katta singlisi Margarete bilan birga o'tkazdi "Dastgohchi" bozorlar va cherkovlar fetesida skriptchi. Da Pasxa 1800 yil, Shinderxannes "Xulxen" ni birinchi marta Vikenxofda ko'rgan, endi g'oyib bo'lgan qishloq yaqin Kirn, bu erda 19 yoshli yigit raqsga tushgan. Ularning munosabatlari Frants Vilgelm ismli qiz va o'g'il tug'di. 1803 yilda Shinderhannesning jinoyati uchun boshi kesilganidan so'ng, Juliana dastlab jandarmaga uylandi, u bilan etti farzandi bor edi, keyin vafotidan keyin chorvador va kunlik ishchi.^[7]

Afsonasi Felsenkirche ("Crag cherkovi")

Felsenkirche ("Crag Church"), afsonaviy cherkov va shaharning ramzi

Afsonalarga ko'ra, Virtich va Emich ismli ikki birodar bo'lgan, ular ikkalasi ham Berta ismli go'zal qizni sevib qolishgan. Aka-ukalar 135 m balandlikdagi tepalikning tepasida joylashgan Bosselshteyn qal'asida yashashgan. Berta yaqin atrofdagi Lixtenburg qal'asini egallagan zodagonlardan edi.

Berta uchun boshqaning his-tuyg'ularini birodar ham bilmagan. Vayrich, katta akasi, noma'lum ish bilan shug'ullanganida, Emich Bertaning mehr-muhabbatini ta'minlashga muvaffaq bo'ldi va keyinchalik unga uylandi. Emich bu xabarni ukasiga e'lon qilganda, Vayrixning jahli chiqdi. Issiqlikda u akasini qasr derazasidan chiqarib yubordi va uni quyida joylashgan toshlar ustiga o'limga jo'natdi.

Wyrich deyarli darhol pushaymonlik bilan to'ldirilgan. Mahalliy abbatning maslahati bilan u uzoq vaqt tavba qilishni boshladi. Ayni paytda Berta tarixiy yozuvlardan yo'qoladi. Ko'pgina romantiklar uni a vafot etgan deb o'ylashadi singan yurak.

Wyrich uning kechirilganligini ko'rsatadigan samoviy belgini kutayotganda, abbat unga akasi vafot etgan joyda cherkov qurishni taklif qildi. Wyrich ishlagan va o'zini charchagan holda ibodat qilgan. Biroq, cherkov tugagandan so'ng, u o'zining belgisini oldi: mo''jizaviy bahor cherkovda ochildi.

Vayrich bundan ko'p o'tmay vafot etdi. Mahalliy episkop yangi cherkovni muqaddas qilish uchun kelganida, u zodagon lordni zinapoyasida o'lik holda topdi. Keyinchalik Wyrich akasi bilan bir xil qabrga joylashtirildi.

Emigratsiya va qimmatbaho toshlar

Idar-Obersteyn qimmatbaho toshlar markazi sifatida tanilgan. XVIII asrga qadar bu hudud manba bo'lgan agat va jasper. Arzon ishchi kuchi va energiyaning kombinatsiyasi qimmatbaho toshlarda ishlaydigan sanoatning rivojlanishiga yordam berdi. Nahe daryosi tegirmonlarda kesish va abraziv mashinalari uchun bepul suv quvvati etkazib berdi.

XVIII asrda Xunsrukdagi qimmatbaho toshlar topilmalari kamayib, mahalliy xalqning hayotini qiyinlashtirmoqda. Ko'pchilik o'z omadlarini chet elda sinab ko'rish uchun ketishdi. Ba'zilar qadar borishdi Braziliya Bu erda ular qimmatbaho toshlarni ochiq konlardan qazib olish yoki hatto daryo va soylarda topish mumkinligini aniqladilar. Mahalliy aholiga go'shtni ochiq olovda tayyorlash an'anasi, churrasko, shuningdek, yangi kelganlar tomonidan qabul qilingan va hatto o'z vataniga qimmatbaho toshlarni tashish yo'li bilan qaytib kelgan. Agat nodullari qaytarib yuborilgan balast Braziliyada yukni tushirgan bo'sh kemalarda. Keyin arzon agatlar Idar-Obershteynga ko'chirildi.

19-asrning boshlarida ko'plab odamlar mahalliy hududlardan ochlikdan haydalgan va ular ham borgan Janubiy Amerika. 1827 yilda Idar-Oberstayndan ko'chib kelganlar dunyodagi eng muhim narsani kashf etdilar agat depozit Braziliya shtatidagi Rio Grande do Sul. 1834 yildayoq Idar-Obershteynga Rio Grande-do-Suldan birinchi agat etkazib berildi. Braziliyalik agat juda tekis qatlamlarni namoyish etdi, bu mahalliy agatlarda ko'rilganlarga nisbatan ancha tekisroq edi. Bu ularni tayyorlash uchun ayniqsa yaxshi qildi o'yma toshlar. Mahalliy aholining kimyoviy bo'yoqlar haqidagi texnik bilimlaridan foydalangan holda, sanoat 20-asrning boshlarida har qachongidan kattalashgan.

Keyin Ikkinchi jahon urushi, mintaqa yana bir bor o'zini aniqlab olishi kerak edi va u Braziliyadan qimmatbaho toshlar savdosida etakchi markazga aylandi va Afrika. Bu o'z navbatida mahalliy rassomlarga katta miqdordagi materiallarni taqdim etdi va mintaqa qimmatbaho toshlar markazi sifatida "uchinchi portlashni" boshdan kechirdi. Ammo yaqinda, raqobat Tailand va Hindiston mintaqaga qattiq zarba berdi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Siyosat

Shahar kengashi

Kengash 40 nafar faxriy kengash a'zolaridan iborat bo'lib, ular tomonidan saylangan mutanosib vakillik 2014 yil 25 mayda bo'lib o'tgan shahar saylovlarida va shahar hokimi (Oberburgermeister) rais sifatida.

2014 yil 25 mayda bo'lib o'tgan shahar saylovlari quyidagi natijalarni berdi:^[8]

Hokimlar

Shtat hukumati Idar-Oberstayn shaharchasini e'lon qilganidan beri a Große kreisangehörige Stadt (tumanga tegishli yirik shahar) 1960 yil 1 aprelda shahar meri rasmiy unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi Oberburgermeister.

Gerb

Germaniya blazonida shunday deyilgan: Shild befindet sich ein aufgerichteter roter Forsthaken, Obereck von einer sechsblättrigen roten Rose mit goldenem Kelch und grünen Kelchblättern, ishoratlar unten von einer roten Eichel.

Shaharniki qo'llar ingliz tilida may geraldik tilni quyidagicha ta'riflash mumkin: Argent, dekst boshlig'i o'rtasida ikkinchi oltitadan tikilgan va to'g'ri urug'langan oltitadan gulni folga bilan to'sib qo'ygan gullar bilan yaramas krampni, yomon asosda esa zambil ikkinchisining plyusini siljitdi.

The ayblovlar 1933 yilda ikkala shahar birlashtirilgunga qadar Idar va Oberstayn tomonidan ilgari tushirilgan gerblardan olingan. Hozirgi qurollar Oldenburg Davlat Ichki ishlar vazirligi tomonidan tasdiqlangan. Qo'llar 1934 yil 10-iyuldan beri yuklanadi.^[9]

Qarindosh shaharlar - qardosh shaharlar

Idar-Oberstayn shunday egizak bilan:^[10]

Madaniyat va diqqatga sazovor joylar

Binolar

Quyidagi binolar yoki inshootlar ro'yxati keltirilgan Reynland-Pfalz Madaniyat yodgorliklari ma'lumotnomasi:^[11]

Idar-Obershteyn (asosiy markaz)

Burg Shteyn yoki Bosselshteyn, deb nomlangan Altes Shloss ("Eski saroy qal'asi")

• Burg Oberstayn, deb nomlangan Neues Schloss ("Yangi saroy qal'asi"; quyida ko'rib chiqing) - birinchi bo'lib 1336-yilgi eslatma, XV va XVI asrlarda kengayish; 1855 yong'inda tomning ramkasi va ichki qismi vayron qilingan; dastlab uchburchak majmuasi; markazida turar joy qoldiqlari, boshqalar qatorida shunday atalmish Kaminbau ("Kamin binosi") va Esel-bück-dich-Turm ("Eshak egilgan minorasi"), ikkalasi ham Gotik; ehtimol keyinchalik qurilgan Beyli, uchta minoraning qoldiqlari
• Burg Shteyn yoki Bosselshteyn, deb nomlangan Altes Shloss ("Eski saroy qal'asi"), yuqorida Felsenkirche (quyida ko'rib chiqing) - birinchi bo'lib 1197 yil eslatib o'tamiz, XV asrdan boshlab shaharning qo'rg'onlar tarkibiga kiritilgan, 18-asrdan kechikmay vayronaga aylangan; shimoli-g'arbiy qismida kiraverishda va janubi-g'arbiy qismida turar-joy binolari qoldiqlari, dumaloq saqlamoq
• Avvalgi Evangelist deb nomlangan cherkov cherkovi Felsenkirche ("Crag Church"), Kirchweg (quyida ko'rib chiqing) - 1482–1484 yillarda qoyaga qurilgan tartibsiz qavat rejasida, kech gotikani yangilash sakrash bilan bochkada sakrash, 1742, minora tomining o'zgarishi, 1858, usta quruvchi Veyer, mukammal ta'mirlangan, 1927–1929, me'mor Vilgelm Xaylag, Langen; XIV asr oxiridagi poliptik qurbongohi, Ustozga tegishli Maynts Masxara qilish
• Evangelist cherkov cherkovi, Hauptstraße (quyida ko'rib chiqing) - ilgari Avliyo Pyotr va Pol, xoch shaklida yo'laksiz cherkov, 1751, transept bilan kengayish 1894-1894, konvertatsiya 1955/1956, me'mor Xans Rost, Vürtsburg; Romanesk g'arbiy minora (1114?), Barok tom, ehtimol 1712 yildan; qabriston M. C. Xot, taxminan 1742; qabristonda qulaganlarga yodgorlik Birinchi jahon urushi
• Shahar istehkomlari - tarkibiga Obershteynning devorlari Felsenkirche, qo'poldan qurilgan vulkanik tosh, tomonidan qo'llab-quvvatlanadigan ichki qismida tayanch tayanchlari, 15 va 16 asrlarda paydo bo'lgan; saqlanib qolgan qismlar: cherkov tepaligiga qadar yarim yo'lda Felsenkirche, Im Gebuk minorasi (yo'lak) Hauptstraße 476 tepasida
• Alte Gasse 5-da - avvalgisining gerbi Imperial pochta aloqasi, 19-asr
• Amtsstraße 2 - kasalxona va monastir; uch qavatli Gotik tiklanish g'ishtdan qilingan bino, yon tomondan risalto bilan cherkov, 1900
• Austraße 6 - villa uslubidagi uy Mansard tomi, Uyg'onish Uyg'onishi, ikki qavatli konservatoriya, 19-asr oxiri
• Bahnhofstraße 1 - sobiq "Centralhotel"; uch qavatli Tarixchi Uyg'onish burchagi binosi, aks sadolari Art Nouveau, 1905-1907, me'morlar Gerxards va Xassert
• Bahnhofstraße 3 - murakkab burchakli uy, uch qavatli Barokko tiklanish tomga mansardli bino, Art Nouau aks sadolari, 1908/1909, me'mor Xans Best, Kreuznach
• Klotzbergkaserne ("Klotzberg kazarmasi"), Berliner Straße, Bleidornplatz, Juterbogstraße, Klotzbergstraße, Ostpreußenstraße, Pestmüllerring, Pommernstraße (yodgorlik zonasi) - ikki kishilik barak. piyoda askarlar Idar-Obershteynning a ga kengayishi jarayonida qurilgan batalyonlar garnizon davomida shahar Uchinchi reyx, terasli erlardagi binolar taxminan bir necha hovli va zinapoyalarga xodimlar binolari, erkaklar uchun uylar, minadigan zali, qisman karer toshi bilan birlashtirilgan, 1936-1938; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Bismarkstraße 12-da - gips uy-joy va savdo uyidagi bezak, taxminan 1905 yil
• Bismarckstraße 53 - Barokko Revival villasi, tomi mansardli, 1910 yil
• Dietzenstraße 30 - taxminan 1910 yil, tomi ko'tarilgan villa uslubidagi uy; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Dietzenstraße 34 - chiroyli-rustik villa, 20-asr boshlari
• Dietzenstraße 55 - bir necha qavatli turar-joy va tijorat uyi, klassitsist Revival-Barokko Revival binosi, tomi mansard bilan, 1926 y.
• Dr.-Liesegang-Straße 1 - sobiq savdo zali; sariq rangga bo'yalgan qizil g'ishtdan qilingan bino qumtosh, 1894/1895
• Doktor-Liesegang-Straße 3 - vakolatxona, Art Nouveau naqshlari, taxminan 1905; ko'chalar qiyofasini yo'q bilan birga tavsiflaydi. 5
• Doktor-Liesegang-Straße 4 - kub shaklidagi villa, tomi ko'tarilgan, 1924 y
• Finsterheckstraße - suv quvuri, ikki qavatli minora tipidagi korpus, rustiklangan, 1900
• Forststraße - Anne Freiin (baronessa) fon Schorlemer uchun yodgorlik xochi, taxminan 1905 (?); memorial stone, 1930
• Forststraße 26 – former hunting lodge; sophisticated country house in alternating materials typical of the time, last fourth of the 19th century
• Friedrich-Ebert-Ring 8 – picturesque-representative villa, 1903
• Friedrich-Ebert-Ring 10 – sophisticated villa, begun 1911, architect Julius Schneider
• Friedrich-Ebert-Ring 12–18 (monumental zone) – three sophisticated apartment blocks for French officers, 1922–1924, government master builder Metz; middle building, flanked by buildings with gable fronts that penetrate each other
• Friedrich-Ebert-Ring 59–65 (monumental zone) – four similar multi-family dwellings; three-floor cube-shaped buildings with hipped roofs on a retaining wall, 1924
• Georg-Maus-Straße 2 – former Schillerschule; mighty Baroque Revival housing, towards the back open like a cour d'honneur, 1908–1911, town master builder Müller; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Hasenklopp 6 – palatial castle-type complex, Baroque Revival building with mansard roof, garden pavilion, swung retaining wall, 1921–1923, architect Pol Shultse-Naumburg
• Hauptstraße 260–274 (even numbers), Naßheckstraße 1, 3 (monumental zone) – group of villas, individually characterized buildings, some with great garden complexes, towards Naßheck smaller houses, many original enclosing fences, about 1905
• Hauptstraße 48 – corner residential and commercial house, iron framing with brickwork outside, Burbach Ironworks; characterizes streetscape's appearance
• Hauptstraße 70 – former maktab binosi; three-floor cube-shaped building with hipped roof, so-called Oldenburg Late Classicism, 1856/1857, architect Peter Reinhard Casten, Birkenfeld; triangular gable after 1900, portal with balcony after 1933; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• At Hauptstraße 71 – stuccoed façade, 1922, of a three-floor residential and commercial house from 1888
• Hauptstraße 72 – representative three-floor house, Renaissance Revival motifs, in the back stable and barn, 1863/1864
• Hauptstraße 76 – four-floor residential and commercial house, Yangi ob'ektivlik, 1931, architect Johannes Weiler, Kyoln
• Hauptstraße 78 – representative Tarixchi residential and commercial house, 1900, architect Hubert Himmes, Idar-Oberstein
• Hauptstraße 103 and 105 – house with mansard roof, 1852, remodellings in 1890 and 1905; in the back commercial building, 1912; whole complex in subdued Baroque Revival forms
• Hauptstraße 108 – lordly villa, Renaissance Revival motifs with Classicist tendencies, French country house style, 1870/1871, architect Louis Purper, Parij; in the back commercial buildings
• Hauptstraße 118 (quyida ko'rib chiqing) – representative Renaissance Revival villa, 1894; hozirgi kunda Deutsches Edelsteinmuseum (German Gemstone Museum)
• Hauptstraße 123 – representative villa with hipped roof, Art Nouveau décor, 1901, architect Hans Weszkalnys, Saarbruken
• Hauptstraße 126 – representative residential and commercial house, possibly from the 1890s; in the gateway clay reliefs
• At Hauptstraße 129 – stately Gothic Revival entrance gate
• Hauptstraße 135 – villalike house, building of red brick framed with yellow sandstone, Renaissance Revival and Baroque Revival motifs, possibly about 1890
• Hauptstraße 143 – mighty three-floor house with mansard roof, 1910; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Hauptstraße 145 – three-floor Historicist house, building of red brick framed with yellow sandstone, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau motifs
• Hauptstraße 147 – three-floor representative house, Baroque Revival, Louis XVI (early French Neoklassik ) and Art Nouveau motifs, 1908
• Hauptstraße 148 – three-floor sophisticated house, Baroque Revival building with mansard roof, about 1900; whole complex with factory building and a further house in the back from 1910/1911
• Hauptstraße 149 – former “Hotel Fürstenhof”; red-brick building with plastered areas, Art Nouveau décor; 1904 yil
• Hauptstraße 150 – small, elaborately shaped house, third fourth of the 19th century
• Hauptstraße 151 – house with entrance lodjiya, mansard roof, about 1910
• Hauptstraße 153 – picturesque-rustic villa, Gothic Revival motifs, about 1900
• Hauptstraße 155 – representative Renaissance Revival villa, 1894/1895, architect Massing, Trier
• Hauptstraße 156 – two-and-a-half-floor representative house, 1870/1871 and 1889
• Hauptstraße 162 – villalike house, 1893, architect Wilhelm Müller, Frankfurt; conversion 1929, architect Johannes Weiler, Cologne; yog'och gazebo, lookout tower
• Hauptstraße 163 – Art Nouveau house, marked 1902, architect Hubert Himmes, Idar-Oberstein
• Hauptstraße 177 – house, Expressionistically varied Art Nouveau motifs, marked 1927/1928, architect Johannes Weiler, Cologne
• Hauptstraße 185 – bungalow, Expressionist motifs, 1923, architect Johannes Weiler, Cologne
• Hauptstraße 192 – picturesque-rustic villa, 1905; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Hauptstraße 194 – villa with mansard roof, 1911, architect Paul Schultze-Naumburg; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Hauptstraße 248 – country-house-style house with mansard roof, 1911, architect Georg Küchler, Darmshtadt
• Near Hauptstraße 260 – unusual Art Nouveau fencing, 1904
• Hauptstraße 264 – sandstone villa with asymmetrical floor plan, Gothic Revival and Art Nouveau motifs, about 1905; bezak
• Hauptstraße 270 – rustic villa, volcanic rock, sandstone, yog'och ramka, glazed brick, about 1905
• Hauptstraße 274 – villalike house, picturesquely nested plastered building with tizza devori, 1905
• Hauptstraße 289 – meeting building of the lodge at the Felsentempel; symmetrically divided plastered building, Art Nouveau décor, 1906
• Hauptstraße 291 – house, sandstone-framed brick building with timber-frame parts, towards late 19th century, architect possibly Max Jager; conversion 1909 and 1914
• Hauptstraße 313 – bungalow with mansard roof, rustic and Expressionist motifs, 1923/1924, architect Julius Schneider; bezak
• Hauptstraße 330 – corner house, 1882, architect R. Goering; bezak
• Hauptstraße 332 – corner house, Classicist and Renaissance Revival motifs, third fourth of the 19th century
• Hauptstraße 337/339 – three-floor double house with mansard roofs, 1910/1911, architect Johannes Ranly, Oberstein
• Hauptstraße 338 – former Imperial post office, so-called Alte Post; mighty, three- and four-floor three-winged building with bell-shaped and timber-frame gables, 1910–1912, architect Postal Building Adviser Neufeldt; kvadrat ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Hauptstraße 342/344 – double house, red sandstone building with mansard roof, Late Gothic and Art Nouveau motifs, 1900, architect Hubert Himmes, Idar-Oberstein
• Hauptstraße 385 – plastered building, echoes of Shveytsariya tog 'uyi uslubi with Baroque elements, 1950, architect Julius Schneider; built-in shop from time of building
• Hauptstraße 386 – former Pielmeyer department store; three-floor building with mansard roof, Louis XVI and Art Nouveau motifs, about 1905, architects Gerhards & Hassert; characterizes streetscape's appearance
• Hauptstraße 391 – Renaissance Revival façade of a residential and commercial house, 1890; characterizes streetscape's appearance
• Hauptstraße 412/414 – Baroque double house with timber-frame gable, marked 1702
• Hauptstraße 417 – three-floor residential and commercial house, Art Nouveau motifs, 1906, architect Max Jager; kvadrat ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• (an) Hauptstraße 418 – elaborate façade décor, Art Nouveau with Baroque elements, about 1905
• Hauptstraße 432 – three-floor timber-frame building, partly solid, late 16th century, conversion 1717
• Hauptstraße 434 – three-floor residential and commercial house with mansard roof, Renaissance Revival motifs, 1895; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Hauptstraße 468/470 – mighty three-floor balloon frame building, earlier half of the 15th century
• Hauptstraße 499 – house with mansard roof, Baroque Revival plaster décor, late 19th century
• Hauptstraße 281–309 (odd numbers) (monumental zone) – mostly two-floor residential and commercial buildings in an almost closed row giving the effect of a unified streetscape, 19th and early 20th centuries; brick with sandstonework parts, plastered, timber-frame, in parts of the back factory buildings; pattern broken somewhat by two villalike houses (no. 303 Baroque Revival, 1905; no. 309, possibly from 1890)
• Höckelböschstraße 1 – three-floor Baroque Revival corner residential and commercial house, about 1908; bezak; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Höckelböschstraße 2 – row house with mansard roof, early 20th century
• Höckelböschstraße 8 – house, Renaissance Revival motifs, about 1877
• Hoher Weg 1/3 – double house, three-floor building with mansard roof on a retaining wall, 1912, architect Johannes Ranly; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Kasinostraße 7 – building of the former Hermann Leyser karton packaging factory; brick building, partly timber-frame, filigree wood details, late 19th century; house 1896, wing joining the two 1911
• Keltenstraße – water cistern; representative front building with brickwork walls, 1894
• Kobachstraße 4 – sophisticated residential and commercial house, Louis-XVI-style, 1912
• Luisenstraße 9 – rustic villa, bungalow with mansard roof on an irregular floor plan, 1908, architect Georg Küchler, Darmstadt
• Mainzer Straße 64 – villa, Art Nouveau décor, 1907
• Mainzer Straße 66 – representative Art Nouveau villa, 1905, architects Hubert Himmes and Adrian Wehrli, Idar-Oberstein
• Mainzer Straße 69 – representative Art Nouveau villa with mansard roof, about 1905
• Mainzer Straße 73 – representative villa on an asymmetrical floor plan, Art Nouveau décor with Baroque elements, 1905/1906, architect Hans Weszkalnys, Saarbrücken
• Mainzer Straße 75 – plastered villa on an asymmetrical floor, hipped roofs, 1901, architect Hubert Himmes, Idar-Oberstein
• Mainzer Straße 224 – Villa Wolff, sophisticated rustic villa, bungalow with mansard roof, 1923/1924, architect Julius Schneider
• Mainzer Straße 56/58, 60, 64, 66, 69, 73, 75, 77, Dr.-Liesegang-Straße 1, Hauptstraße 123 (monumental zone) – Idar-Oberstein's only mainly closed villa neighbourhood, villas in gardens, about 1900 to the 1920s; partly with sprightly roof profiles, Late Historicism, Art Nouveau, architecture of the 1920s; on the squarelike widening at the south end of Mainzer Straße the commercial hall (Dr.-Liesegang-Straße 1, yuqoriga qarang)
• Otto-Decker-Straße 6 – three-floor Gothic Revival residential and commercial house with mansard roof, 1900, architect Hubert Himmes, Idar-Oberstein
• Otto-Decker-Straße 12 – villalike corner house, Renaissance Revival motifs, 1895–1896, architect Heinrich Güth, Saarbrücken
• Otto-Decker-Straße 16 – Historicist residential and commercial house with mansard roof, 1905
• Pappelstraße 1, 2, 3 (monumental zone) – so-called Franzosenhäuser (“Frenchman’s Houses”), group of three houses built by the town for French officers in the occupational forces; buildings with tent roofs, Expressionist motifs, begun in 1920, architect Wilhelm Heilig, Langen
• Ritterstraße 11 – house, after 1882, Baroque Revival expansion 1912
• Ritterstraße 31 – row house with mansard roof, Renaissance Revival motifs, marked 1906
• Schönlautenbach 6 – representative house, three-sloped hipped roof, 1924/1925, architect Johannes Weiler, Cologne
• Schönlautenbach 27 – house with mansard roof, timber-frame bungalow on terracelike stone lower floor, 1928
• Obershteyn Yahudiy graveyard, Seitzenbachstraße (monumental zone) – laid out possibly in the 17th century, expanded in 1820, older part dissolved in 1945; gravestones placed since the mid 19th century in the newer section's wall; memorials mainly sandstone or granit, obelisklar, steles; behind Kirchhofshübel 14 further gravestone fragments and wall settings; originally belonging to the graveyard the former Jewish mortuary (Seitzenbachstraße – no number – today a workshop), central building with pyramid roof, built in 1914
• Seitzenbachstraße/Hauptstraße, Niederau Nasroniy graveyard (monumental zone) – three-part parklike complex, laid out from 1836 to 1916; soldiers’ graveyard 1914/1918; warriors’ memorial 1914/1918 and 1939/1945, memorial stone for Jewish fellow inhabitants placed after 1945; hereditary gravesites: no. 1 crypt with Egyptian-style entrance; yo'q. 3 polygonal Gothic Revival column; no 7 and 8 several gravestones, granite slabs, granite steles, bronza urna; yo'q. 29 complex of Kessler & Röhl, Berlin, sculpture by H. Pohlmann, Berlin; yo'q. 32 angel with anchor by P. Völker; yo'q. 33: marmar farishta
• Tiefensteiner Straße, Idar Christian graveyard (monumental zone) – laid out in 1869 in “Mittelstweiler”, first documented in 1871, enlarged several times; since 1969 newer main graveyard to the west “Im Schmalzgewann”; warriors’ memorial 1870/1871: roofed stele with relief, surrounded by eight limetrees; fencing with Baroque Revival entrance possibly from about 1900; graveyard chapel, yellow sandstone building, towards 1908; warriors’ memorial in graveyard of honour for those who fell in 1914/1918, 1920; graveyard for those who fell in 1939/1945 by Max Rupp, Idar-Oberstein, and Theodor Siegle, Saarbrücken, 1961; several elaborate hereditary gravesites
• Tiefensteiner Straße 20 – country-house-style house, bungalow with half-hipped roof, 1920s
• Wasenstraße 1 – three-floor residential and commercial house with Historicist elements, partly decorative timber-frame, conversion 1924/1925
• Wilhelmstraße 23 – representative manufacturer's villa with mansard roof, Baroque Revival motifs with Classicist elements, begun in 1909, architect Julius Schneider
• Wilhelmstraße 44 – manufacturer's house with garden; sandstone-framed volcanic rock building, Art Nouveau décor, 1910, architect Max Jager; bezak
• Wilhelmstraße 48 – three-floor Historicist residential and commercial house, sandstone-framed brick building, 1903, in the back factory building; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Wilhelmstraße 40/42, 44, 46, 48, 49–51 (monumental zone) – complex of dwelling and manufacturing buildings around the Jakob Bengel metalware factory (long, two- and three-floor commercial buildings, entrepreneur's villa (no. 44), 1873 to 1906
• Bismarkturm (Bismark minorasi ), east of Idar on the Wartehübel – monumental complex built out of volcanic rock, 1907, architect Hans Weszkalnys, Saarbrücken (design by Wilhelm Kreis, Drezden )
• Temir yo'l bridge on the Rhine-Nahe Railway, on the east side of the Altenberg – three-arch bridge in the Nahe valley at the Altenberg
• Railway bridges on the Rhine-Nahe Railway, west of the Temir yo'l stansiyasi – two brick-framed sandstone-block structures over a bend in the Nahe
• Railway bridge on the Rhine-Nahe Railway, at the Wüstlautenbach – partly heavily renovated three-arch, brick-framed sandstone-block structure over the valley of the Wüstlautenbach

Algenrodt

• Im Stäbel – entrance relief at the Straßburgkaserne (“Strasbourg Barracks”) – forms characterized by Milliy sotsializm, 1936–1938; on the corner of Saarstraße a memorial, 1958
• Im Stäbel, graveyard – memorial for those who fell in the First World War by Wilhelm Heilig, about 1920

Enzweiler

• Railway bridge and tunnel on the Rhine-Nahe Railway, east of Enzweiler – two-arch bridge, volcanic rock and brick, over the Nahe, impressive sequence of Hommericher Tunnel, bridge and Enzweiler Tunnel

Georg-Weierbach

• Former Evangelical parish church, Auf der Burr – formerly Saint George's, stepped Romanesque building, west tower, quire Late Gothic altered (possibly in the 14th century), aisleless nave remodelled in Baroque; Marienglok (“Mary’s Bell”) from 1350; in the graveyard gravestones about 1900
• Near Auf der Burr 13 – lift pump, quyma temir, guruch, Gothic Revival, firm of Gebrüder Zilken, Koblenz, possibly from the last fourth of the 19th century
• Before Buchengasse 2 and 4 – two temir quduqlar

Göttschied

• Evangelical church, Göttschieder Straße 43 – yo'laksiz cherkov bilan tizma minorasi, portal marked 1620, remodellings in 1775, 1864/1865 and 1933

Hammerstayn

• Evangelical church, Hammersteiner Straße 39 – Baroque Revival aisleless church with ridge turret, 1904–1909, architect August Senz, Dyusseldorf; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Railway bridge and tunnel on the Rhine-Nahe Railway, northwest of Hammerstein – two-arch brick-framed sandstone-block structure over the Nahe, tunnel through the so-called Hammersteiner Kipp

Kirxenbollenbax

• Avvalgi Katolik Parish Church of Nepomukning Yuhanno (Pfarrkirche St. Johann Nepomuk), Am Kirchberg 3 – two-naved Late Historicist quarrystone building, flanking tower, 1895–1898, architect Ludwig Becker, Maynts; spoliya (18-asr); rich décor
• Evangelical parish church, Am Kirchberg 6 – plain Baroque aisleless church, ridge turret with helmed roof, 1755, architect Johann Thomas Petri, Kirn; bezak
• Am Kirchberg 8 – former Catholic rectory; one- and two-floor Baroque building with hipped roof, 1770, architect possibly Johann Thomas Petri; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Am Kirchberg 3, 6, 8 (monumental zone) – group made up of the Catholic church (Am Kirchberg 3) and the Evangelical church (Am Kirchberg 6) with the former rectory (Am Kirchberg 8), forecourt with altars (made of spolia), across the street, documents the village's ecclesiastical development
• Auf dem Rain 21 – former maktab; ichki Shveytsariya tog 'uyi uslubi building with Expressionist details, 1926/27
• At Im Brühl 1 – wooden door, Zopf style, 18th century

Mittelbollenbach

• Im Schützenrech 57 – school; sandstone-framed plastered building penetrated by gable risalti, 1912, expansion 1962
• In der Gaß 3 – former bull shed; one-floor solid building with timber-frame knee wall, possibly from about 1910; uskunalar

Nahbollenbach

• Jewish graveyard, Sonnehofstraße (monumental zone) – ten mostly stele-shaped stones, 1900 to about 1933, in fenced area

Tiefenshteyn

• Bachweg 6 – Quereinhaus (a combination residential and commercial house divided for these two purposes down the middle, perpendicularly to the street), partly timber-frame (plastered), possibly from the earlier half of the 19th century
• Granatweg – warriors’ memorial; qumtosh relief, 1920s, beton stele inserted after 1945
• Tiefensteiner Straße 87 – Kallwiesweiherschleife; water-driven gemstone-cutting mill; squat building with gable roof and great iron-bar windows, 18th century, converted or renovated several times; uskunalar; suv havzasi
• Tiefensteiner Straße 178 – Hettsteiner Schleife yoki Schleife zwischen den Mühlen; former water-driven gemstone-cutting mill; quarrystone building with great iron-bar windows, 1846; uskunalar
• Near Tiefensteiner Straße 232 – former yonilg'i quyish shoxobchasi, filling station building with sales room and workshop, mushroom-column construction with broad overlying roof, 1950s
• Tiefensteiner Straße 275 – villalike house with contemporary details, 1920s
• Tiefensteiner Straße 296 – avant-garde house, 1930/1932, architect Julius Schneider
• Tiefensteiner Straße 322 – villalike house with mansard roof, Louis XVI and Art Nouveau motifs, shortly after 1900

Weierbach

• Evangelical parish church, Obere Kirchstraße – formerly Saint Martin's, Early Classicist aisleless church, architect Wilhelm Frommel, 1792/1793; kech o'rta asr tower altered in the 17th century; retaining wall possibly o'rta asr
• Sent-Martin katolik cherkov cherkovi (Pfarrkirche Sent-Martin), Obere Kirchstraße – Gothic Revival red sandstone building, 1896/1897, architect Lambert von Fisenne, Gelzenkirxen; bezak; shahar ko'rinishini tavsiflaydi
• Across from Dorfstraße 1 – so-called Gessenshteyn; former border stone; Tuscan column with inscription and heraldic eskuton, after 1815
• Dorfstraße 32 – former Evangelical rectory; building with half-hipped roof, Swiss chalet style, 1930/1931, architect Friedrich Otto, Kirn; characterizes streetscape's appearance
• Weierbacher Straße 12 – house, used partly commercially, with mansard roof, Expressionist motifs, 1920s
• Weierbacher Straße 22 – railway station; reception and administration building with employee dwellings, goods hall and side building, 1913/1914, architect Schenck; one- and two-floor main building, Art Nouveau décor with Classicist elements, monumental roof profile
• Weierbacher Straße 75 – former Amtsbürgermeisterei; asymmetrically divided plastered building, Renaissance Revival motifs, 1910/1911
• Jewish graveyard, east of the village on the hilltop "Am Winnenberg" (monumental zone) – seven stones or pedestals, similar to steles
• Niederreidenbacher Hof, northeast of the village (monumental zone) – first mention of a qal'a in the 13th century, in the 19th century an estate, from 1904 a deaconess's establishment, with dwelling and commercial buildings, mill and distillery, about 1840 and thereafter; crag cellar under the estate; conversions and expansions 1904 and thereafter; chapel, 1658 or older, expansion 1931; Imperial Baron Friedrich Kasimir Boxheim's (died 1743) gravestone; remnants of the graveyard belonging to the establishment; two water cisterns, 1930s; park and garden facilities, characterizes landscape's appearance

Mediaeval buildings

Felsenkirche (“Crag Church”)

Old Town with Felsenkirche

Felsenkirche

Mashhur Felsenkirche (“Crag Church”) is the town's defining landmark. It came to be through efforts by Wirich IV of Daun-Oberstein (about 1415–1501), who in 1482 built the now Protestant church on the foundations of the Burg im Loch (“Castle in the Hole”).

As far as is now known, this qal'a was the first defensive position held by the Lords of Stein and a refuge castle for the dwellers of the village down below that was built into the great cave in the crag, the “Upper Stone” (or in Nemis, Oberer Stein) on the river Nahe. This, of course, explains the origin of the name “Oberstein”.

The “Castle in the Hole” was the only cave castle on the Upper Nahe. The Felsenkirche can nowadays be reached by visitors through a tunnel that was built in modern times.

Castle Bosselstein

Castle Bosselstein

Up above the small church, on a knoll (Bossel) stands Castle Bosselstein, or rather what is left of it. The whole complex was forsaken in 1600, and all that stands now is a tower stump and remnants of the castle wall. In the Middle Ages, it was a stronghold to be reckoned with, with its two crescent moats and its two baileys.

Somewhat farther up, not far from Castle Bosselstein, the third castle arose about 1325, the one now known as Schloss Oberstein. Until 1624, it was the residence of the Counts of Daun-Oberstein. In 1855 it burnt down. In the years 1926 to 1956, the castle was used as a yoshlar yotoqxonasi, and thereafter as an karvonsaroy.

In 1961, part of the east wall fell in. The castle club, Schloss Oberstein e. V., that was founded shortly thereafter, in 1963, has been worrying ever since about maintaining the acutely endangered building materials that make up this former four-tower complex. In 1998, the town of Idar-Oberstein became the castle's owner. Today there is once again a small inn, the Wyrich-Stube, and there are also now a few rooms restored by the castle club, which can be hired for festive occasions or cultural events.

St. Peter and Paul

Sankt-Petr va Pol is the Catholic church in the constituent community of Idar. It was built in 1925 as a wooden church for the then town of Idar. Since the 17th century, the town's Catholics had had to make do with ecclesiastical services from Oberstein. By 1951, the church had fallen into such disrepair that it was extensively converted and expanded with stone.

Teatr

Besides the Town Theater in the constituent community of Oberstein, there is also a kabare bosqich. With Schloss Oberstein as the backdrop, the Theatersommer Schloss Oberstein (“Schloss Oberstein Theater Summer”) is held each year.

Muzeylar

Hauptstraße 118: The Deutsches Edelsteinmuseum, housed in a representative Renaissance Revival villa (see under Binolar yuqorida)

Since the early 1960s turizm has grown in importance for Idar-Oberstein. Today it boasts a number of modern facilities such as the Steinkaulenberg, a gemstone mine open to visitors, and the German Gemstone Museum, as well as several recreational resorts. Milliy sifatida tanilgan Deutsches Edelsteinmuseum (German Gemstone Museum) in the constituent community of Idar, which boasts many gemstone exhibits.

The Museum Idar-Oberstein in the constituent community of Oberstein right below the famous Felsenkirche devotes itself to the specialized theme of “minerals”, and accordingly shows not only local places where gems were discovered, but also worldwide discovery places. The Idar-Oberstein jewellery industry and gemstone processing, too, and especially the agat -cutting operation, are presented in an impressive way.

Insights into the production of Art Deco jewellery as it was done about the turn of the 20th century are offered by the Industriemuseum Jakob Bengel in the constituent community of Oberstein. It is open the year round.

At the Steinkaulenberg gemstone mines, the only gemstone mine in Evropa open to visitors, and at the Historische Weiherschleife – a gemstone-grinding mill – one can learn a few things about gemstone processing and Idar-Oberstein's history. Jasper is also featured there, for Idar-Oberstein is also an important centre for that semiprecious stone.

Sport

The town's best known sport club is SC 07 Idar-Oberstein.

Idar-Oberstein has an indoor suzish havzasi and, since September 2005 an outdoor swimming pool fed by natural water. On the town's outskirts, a Tabiatning do'stlari house has been established, offering cyclists, hikers and tourists meals and lodging. Also, in nearby Kirschweiler is a golf maydonchasi.

The Schleiferweg (Schleifer is German for “grinder” or “polisher”, a reference to the town's fame as a gem-processing centre; Weg simply means “way”) is a 22 km-long signposted piyoda yurish trail round Idar. The path leads around the constituent communities of Idar, Oberstein, Göttschied, Algenrodt and Tiefenstein. Especially for sophisticated hikers, the Schleiferweg offers a special hiking experience with a high section of path through thick forest. The trail leads by various tourist attractions, such as the Weiherschleife, the Steinkaulenberg, the Kammerwoog (lake) or even the Wäschertskaulen spit roast house. With the good links to the town transport network, the trail can be broken up into as many shorter stretches as the hiker chooses.

Muntazam tadbirlar

• The New Year's Gala Concert of the Symphonisches Blasorchester Obere Nahe e. V. (wind orchestra) has been seeing the town into the New Year culturally since 1991.
• The International Trade Fair for Gemstones, Gemstone Jewellery and Gemstone Objects is held yearly in September and October (quyida ko'rib chiqing).
• The regional consumer fair, better known as Idar-Obersteiner Wirtschaftstage, tomonidan yaratilgan Wirtschaftsjunioren Idar-Oberstein 2003, and is growing into a true success story. It was organized and staged from 2003 to 2005 by the Wirtschaftsjunioren.
• The Deutsche Edelsteinkönigin (“German Gemstone Queen”) is chosen every other year from the region of the Deutsche Edelsteinstraße (“German Gem Road”).
• The Spießbratenfest (“Spit Roast Festival”) has been held since 1967 each year from the Friday to Tuesday that includes the last Sunday in June. It is said to be the biggest folk festival on the Upper Nahe.
• The Kinderkulturtage (“Children’s Cultural Days”) have been being held for several years now as a successor festival to the Kinderliederfestival (“Children’s Song Festival”). There are 15 to 20 events for children, youth and those who are young at heart.
• Each year in early June, the Jazztage (“Jazz Days”) are held. Appearing here are regional and national jazz greats on several stages in the Idar pedestrian precinct.
• Olmos grinders, facet and surface grinders and agate grinders demonstrate the most varied working techniques within the framework of the Deutscher Edelsteinschleifer- und Goldschmiedemarkt (“German Gemstone Grinders’ and Goldsmiths’ Market”). Zardo‘zlik and jewellery designers allow a look at their creative work in Oberstein's historic town centre below the Felsenkirche.
• The Kama Festival was held from 1991 to 2007 on the lands of the Kammerwoog Conservation Area at Whitsun. It was the biggest open-air festival in Idar-Oberstein. The last festival took place in much reduced form in 2008.

Culinary specialities

Idarer Spießbraten

Obersteiner Spießbraten

Spießbraten (spit roast)

A distinction is made between Idarer Spießbraten va Obersteiner Spießbraten. The former is a kind of Schwenkbraten, whereas the latter is a kind of rolled roast. Spießbraten is rooted fast among Idar-Oberstein's and the surrounding region's culinary and cultural customs.

When making the more often consumed Idarer Spießbraten, the meat – originally prime rib, today often also roast beef or pork neck – is laid the day before cooking in raw onions, salt and pepper. The onions are good to eat while cooking at the fire with a beer. Locals favour beechwood for the fire, to give the roast its traditional flavour.

The variations on the Spießbraten recipe are also the subject of the town's slogan, which bears witness to a patronizing cosmopolitanism: Rossbeff fa die Idarer, Kamm fa die Uwersteener und Brot für die Welt – dialectal German for “Roast beef for the Idarers, pork neck for the Obersteiners and bread for the world.”

Fillsel

This is toast, minced meat, diced bacon, ko'k piyoz, eggs, salt and pepper.

Gefillte Klees (filled dumplings)

This is coarse potato dumplings (made from raw potatoes) filled with Fillsel with a bacon sauce.

Kartoffelwurst (potato sausage)

Also dialectally called Krumbierewurscht, this was formerly “poor people’s food”, but today it is a speciality. Kartoshka, cho'chqa go'shti, mol go'shti va piyoz maydalagich va tajribali mazali, qalampir va tuz. U an'anaviy ichakka berilishi, kavanozda saqlanishi yoki hatto darhol iste'mol qilinishi mumkin.

Murde Klees-da (sabzi va köfte)

Bu kartoshkadan tayyorlangan köfte, sabzi bilan birga pishiriladi va xizmat qiladi (ba'zan nemis tilida shunday nomlanadi) Mohrrüben, yoki Idar-Oberstaynda dialektik tarzda Murde) va tuzlangan yoki dudlangan cho'chqa go'shti.

Draehurjel haqida Riewe

Bu lavlagi qovurilgan qonli kolbasa bilan.

Dibbelabbes

Bu qovurish orqali amalga oshiriladi Kartoffelmasse (kartoshka, pastırma, tuxum, un, tuz va qalampir) a Dibbe (quyma temir qovurilgan idish).

Schaales

Bu Kartoffelmasse (xuddi shunday Dibbelabbes) pishirilgan Dibbe quritilgan go'sht bilan pechda.

Iqtisodiyot va infratuzilma

Birgalikda Idar-Oberstaynda savdo uchun berilgan 219,3 ga er maydoni mavjud. Shaharning yana uchta hududi - Dickesbacher Straße, Finkenberg Nord va Am Kreuz, iqtisodiy kengaytirish uchun yana 28 ga zaxiraga ega. Shahar ham o'z tasarrufida bo'lgan hududga ega Gewerbepark Nahetal 23 gektar maydonni o'z ichiga olgan Nahbollenbaxning markazida.

The Bundesverband der Diamant- und Edelsteinindustrie e. V. ("Olmos va marvarid sanoati Federal assotsiatsiyasi") Idar-Oberstaynda o'z joyiga ega. Bu qonun chiqaruvchilar bilan, shuningdek federal, shtat va munitsipalitet vakillari bilan munosabatlarda sanoat manfaatlarini ifodalaydi. U atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, muammolar kabi sohalarda a'zolarga maslahat beradi musobaqa, nomenklatura masalalari va boshqalar, va kerak bo'lganda kerakli aloqalarni o'rnatadi. Zargarlik buyumlari va qimmatbaho toshlarning dizayni va sifatini targ'ib qilish uchun Assotsiatsiya Germaniya zargarlik buyumlari va qimmatbaho toshlar mukofotiga bag'ishlangan xalqaro tanlovni tashkil etdi.

Germaniyaning qimmatbaho toshlar birjasi: Shleyferplatz orqali ko'rish

500 yil Idar-Obershteyn qimmatbaho toshlar hududi sifatida: pochta markalari, Germaniya Federativ Respublikasi tomonidan 1997 yilda chiqarilgan

The Deutsche Diamant- und Edelsteinbörse e. V. ("Olmos olmos va qimmatbaho toshlar birjasi") 1974 yilda dunyodagi birinchi olmos va rangli qimmatbaho toshlar uchun birlashgan birja sifatida ochilgan. Bu 25-dagi birjalardan biridir Jahon brilliantlar federatsiyasi.

Klein & Quenzer firmasi eng taniqli ishlab chiqaruvchilar qatoriga kirgan kostyum zargarlik buyumlari Ikki jahon urushi paytida nemis medallari va bezaklarining eng yirik ishlab chiqaruvchisiga aylanishidan oldin.

The Wirtschaftsjunioren Idar-Oberstein 1972 yilda tashkil etilgan. Tadbirkorlar va yuqori darajadagi rahbarlar ushbu tashkilotga mintaqadagi iqtisodiy, madaniy va ijtimoiy maqsadlarda qo'shilishadi.

Idishlar ishlab chiqaruvchi Fissler shtab-kvartirasi shaharchada joylashgan. Kompaniya uyali aloqa ixtirosi bilan mashhur bo'ldi dala oshxonasi 1892 yilda. Evropaning eng yirik olmos zargarlik buyumlari ishlab chiqaruvchilardan biri bo'lgan Giloy und Söhne bu erda ham o'z shtab-kvartirasiga ega.

20 yildan ortiq vaqtdan buyon Idar-Oberstaynda qimmatbaho toshlar, marvarid zargarlik buyumlari va qimmatbaho toshlar buyumlari xalqaro savdo ko'rgazmasi ("Intergem") bo'lib o'tmoqda. Yarmarka Jaxnhaus Algenrodt ta'sis jamoasida, garchi 2008 yilga kelib, yangi Nahetal savdo parkidagi (AQSh armiyasining sobiq Nahbollenbax omborxonasi) rejalashtirilgan ko'rgazma zaliga ko'chib o'tish masalasi ko'rib chiqilayotgan edi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

The Idar-Obersteiner Wirtschaftstage Idar-Oberstayn iqtisodiy targ'ibot assotsiatsiyasi tashabbusi bilan ("Iqtisodiyot kunlari") Idar-Oberstayn va uning atrofida mintaqaviy yarmarka sifatida qaraladi.

Tabiiy qimmatbaho toshlar konlari

Idar-Oberstaynda butun dunyodagi qimmatbaho toshlarni topish mumkin, ammo butun sanoat mahalliy hududdagi topilmalar bilan boshlangan. Bunga quyidagilar kiradi agat, jasper va tosh kristall.

Garrison

Klotzbergkaserne Idar-Oberstayn

1938 yildan beri Idar-Oberstayn a garnizon shahar. 19-20 asrlarda, Frantsuz va nemis askarlari o'z navbatida bu erda joylashgan. Kelishi bilan Vermaxt, yangi kazarma qurildi. Keyin Ikkinchi jahon urushi, Strassburgkaserne ("Strasburg kazarmasi") dastlab Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari armiyasi. Frantsuz qo'shinlari joylashgan edi Klotzbergkaserne, keyin esa 1956 yildan boshlab Bundesver artilleriya maktab. Bu 1960-yillarning oxirida yangi qurilgan uyga ko'chib o'tdi Rilchenbergkaserne. O'sha vaqtdan beri minglab artilleriyachilar bu erda dastlabki va yuqori darajadagi harbiy tayyorgarlikdan o'tdilar. 2003 yil sentyabr oyida maktab-internatlarning yangi binolari va o'quv xonalari bag'ishlandi, shunda bugungi artilleriya maktabi o'z ixtiyorida zamonaviy yashash imkoniyatiga ega va barcha zamonaviy jihozlarga ega o'quv markaziga ega. O'qitish metodlari orasida audio, video va simulyatsiya metodlari mavjud. Da joylashgan Klotzbergkaserne 2003 yil 31 martgacha Beobachtungspanzerartillerielehrbataillon ("Kuzatuvli zirhli artilleriya o'qitish batalyoni") 51, bundesver islohoti davomida tarqatib yuborilgandan so'ng ofitser kursantlar uchun tillarni o'qitish markazi ko'chib o'tdi. Idar-Obershteyn va uning atrofidagi korxonalar uchun Bundesver ham muhim iqtisodiy omil hisoblanadi ish beruvchi va mijoz. 1988 yildan beri Idar-Oberstayn shahri va artilleriya maktabi o'rtasida "homiylik" mavjud bo'lib, munosabatlarni ta'kidlash uchun shahar kengashi 1988 yilda "" deb yozilgan ikkinchi yo'l belgisini qo'yishga qaror qildi.Hauptstadt der deutschen artilleriyasi"(" Germaniya artilleriya poytaxti "). Mahalliy biznesning, shu jumladan mahalliy biznesning e'tirozlaridan so'ng Tijorat Palatasi, va ba'zi shahar aholisidan ham, shahar oxir-oqibat bunday belgilarni o'rnatish muammosiga duch kelmaslikka qaror qilindi.^[12] 2006 yilda ofitser kadet bataloni tarqatib yuborildi.

Transport

Idar-Obersteyn stantsiyasi, kabi Regional-Express va Regionalbahn to'xtash, bilan bog'langan Nahe vodiysi temir yo'li (Bingen –Saarbruken ) uchun Saarland va Frankfurt Reynning asosiy mintaqasi. The Reyn-Naxe-Ekspress yugurish Maynts -Sarbrücken yo'nalishi soatiga stantsiyaga xizmat qiladi. Ushbu poezdlarning har biri boshqasiga o'tadi asosiy temir yo'l stantsiyasi yilda Frankfurt to'xtash joyida Frankfurt aeroporti. Ilgari Frankfurtda tezyurar poyezdlarParij marshrut Idar-Oberstaynda to'xtadi.

Idar-Oberstaynda mahalliy transport 1900 yildan 1956 yilgacha boshqarilgan tramvaylar va 1932 yildan 1969 yilgacha trolleybuslar. Bugungi tarmoq oltita avtobus yo'nalishidan tashkil topgan Verkehrsgesellschaft Idar-Oberstayn GmbH, Rhenus Veniro guruhiga tegishli. Bundan tashqari, Idar-Oberstayn Regio avtobus yo'nalishlari uchun boshlang'ich nuqtadir Baumholder va Birkenfeld. Shuningdek, to'g'ridan-to'g'ri avtobus aloqasi mavjud Frankfurt-Xan aeroporti. Shahardagi eng muhim yo'l aloqasi Bundesstraße 41; to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yo'q bo'lsa-da Avtobahn havola, A 62 (Kaiserslautern –Trier ) orqali erishish mumkin almashinuvlar Birkenfeldda (B 41) yoki Freyzen.

Naxe ustidagi magistral

Oberstayndagi Naxe ustidagi magistral

1980-yillarda Naxe daryosi to'rt qatorli avtomagistral bilan qoplangan, Bundesstraße 41, yuqorida aytib o'tilgan, shahar ostiga daryoni qo'yib. Bu Germaniyada noyobdir va shaharning ushbu hududdagi ko'rinishini tubdan o'zgartirdi. Ushbu rivojlanishning birinchi rejalari (rasmiy ravishda Nahehochstraße) 1958 yildayoq rejalashtiruvchilar oldida yotishdi, ammo ular shahar chegaralaridan tashqarida sezilgan tanqidlar to'lqini boshladilar. "Nahe ustidagi yo'l - ha yoki yo'q" mavzusida, Sydwestfunk translyatsiya a tok-shou 1980-yillarda. Loyiha B 41 ichki shaharchasida avtoulovlarning tirbandligini yumshatish uchun mo'ljallangan edi, u o'sha paytda eski shaharning o'rtasidan hozirgi piyoda piyodalar uchastkasi joylashgan. Loyiha bo'yicha ishlar 1980 yilda boshlangan va besh yil davom etgan, shundan so'ng Nahehochstraße nihoyat yakunlandi. Shunday qilib, Naxe ikki kilometr uzunlikdagi tunnelga o'tkazildi. Yaqin atrofda yog'ochdan yasalgan uy Saksenxaus, yirtilib, omborga joylashtirilgan, uning qismlari raqamlangan. Uni rekonstruktsiya qilish noma'lum muddatga qoldirildi. 1986 yilda Naheüberbauung, odatda ma'lum bo'lganidek, trafik uchun ochilgan. Uning 20 yilligiga Idar-Oberstaynda ko'rgazma bo'lib o'tdi Stadthaus (fuqarolik markazi) loyihani rejalashtirish, qurish va yakunlash to'g'risidagi fotogalereyalar bilan.

Idar-Oberstayn o'zining sa'y-harakatlari uchun 1988 yilda nemis shaharsozlari tomonidan o'tkazilgan tanlovda mukofotga sazovor bo'ldi: Tarixiy shahar manzarasini eng keyingi yoritilishi uchun birinchi mukofot.^[13]

I-O / Göttschied aerodromi

Idar-Oberstayn / Göttschied aerodromi shaharchaning shimolida, Göttschied ta'sis jamoati va Gerach va Hintertiefenbax munitsipalitetlari o'rtasida 480 m balandlikda joylashgan. dengiz sathi (1,575 fut). Uning ICAO joylashuv ko'rsatkichi EDRG. Maysa qo'nish chizig'i yo'nalish 06/24, uzunligi 650 m va kengligi 50 m. Qo'nishning ruxsat etilgan og'irligi 2000 kg ni tashkil qiladi; ammo, PPR bilan ("oldindan ruxsat olish kerak"), 3 700 kg gacha bo'lgan samolyotlar qo'nishi mumkin. Aeroport uchun mo'ljallangan vertolyotlar, motorli planerlar, planerlar, juda engil va, shuningdek, PPR bilan, parvoz qiluvchilar.

Dam olish kunlari bu erda motorli samolyotlar, avtoplaner, planer va ultralayt bilan ekskursiya qilish taklif etiladi.

OAV

• Naxe-Tsitung (Reyn-Tsitung, gazeta )
• Wochenspiegel Idar-Oberstein (haftalik reklama qog'ozi)
• Stadtfacette Idar-Oberstein (gazeta)
• Radio Idar-Oberstein 87.6
• SWR Idar-Oberstein studiyasi
• MUHLIS (musiqa jurnal )
• Idar-Oberstein / Herrstein umumiy foydalanish kanali
• Etkazib berish vositalari: SWR Nahetal Transmitter, Idar-Oberstein-Hillschied Transmitter

Davlat muassasalari

• Klinikum Idar-Oberstayn
• The KMT-Klinik uchun klinika ilik transplantatsiya va gematologiya.

The Maynts universiteti mutaxassis va o'qitish shifoxonasi, sobiq shahar kasalxonalarida o'sgan, bu qismdir Saarland Heilstätten (kasalxonalar guruhi) - garchi u Saarlandda bo'lmasa ham - 500 kishilik yotoq va 1000 nafar xodim, shuningdek, bo'limlar mavjud umumiy, qorin va qon tomir jarrohlik, ginekologiya bilan akusherlik, ichki kasalliklar bilan gastroenterologiya, nefrologiya, diabetologiya va diyaliz, diagnostik va interventsion rentgenologiya, kardiologiya, suyak iligi transplantatsiyasi va gematologiya /onkologiya, nevrologiya bilan qon tomir birlik va neyroxirurgiya, psixiatriya bilan bolalar va o'spirin psixiatriyasi va psixoterapiya, pediatriya bilan neonatologiya, radiatsiya terapiyasi, travma jarrohligi va urologiya shuningdek, palatalar oftalmologiya va otorinolaringologiya. Bundan chiqarib tashlangan a keksa yoshdagi Baumholderdagi reabilitatsiya klinikasi. Shuningdek, yo'q hamshiralar maktabi.

Ta'lim

Idar-Oberstaynda har qanday o'quv muassasasi joylashgan bo'lib, 1986 yildan beri u a Xochcha Manzil. Ning xalqaro miqyosda taniqli dasturi Qimmatbaho toshlar va zargarlik buyumlari dizayni dizayn fakulteti Amaliy fanlar universiteti Trier Evropada qimmatbaho toshlar va zargarlik buyumlari dizayni bo'yicha badiiy-ilmiy yo'naltirilgan tadqiqotlar olib boriladigan yagona joy. U professional maktab markazi va yagona shaharchada joylashgan Realschule da Schulzentrum Vollmersbachtal. Bir nechtasi bor Hauptschulen shahar bo'ylab. Bundan tashqari to'rttasi bor Gimnaziya: Göttenbax-gimnaziya va an der Heinzenwies gimnaziyasida beshinchi sinfdan, Technisches gimnaziyasi va Wirtschaftsgymnasium faqat o'n birinchi sinfdan boshlanadigan o'quvchilarni qabul qilish.

• The Maynts universiteti saqlaydi Institut für Edelsteinforschung Idar-Oberstayndagi (toshlarni tadqiq qilish instituti). Qimmatbaho toshlarni tadqiq qilish bo'limi mavzusiga tegishli mineralogiya fakultetida Yer haqidagi fanlar.
• Amaliy fanlar universiteti Trier o'zining Idar-Oberstayn shahrida qimmatbaho toshlar va zargarlik buyumlari dizayni bo'yicha dasturni taklif etadi.
• The Deutsche Gemmologische Gesellschaft e. V. ("DGemG", Germaniya Gemologik assotsiatsiyasi) 1932 yilda tashkil topgan va xalqaro miqyosda taniqli texnik-ilmiy muassasaga aylangan. gemmologiya. DGemG gemmologiya va olmosshunoslik kurslarida muvaffaqiyatli ishtirok etish bitiruvchini DGemGga a'zo bo'lish uchun ariza berish huquqiga ega bo'lgan imtihonlarda diplomni sertifikatlashiga olib keladi (F. G. G. - F - nemischa so'z Fachmitgliedschaft, yoki "professional a'zolik"). Hozirga qadar 75 mamlakatdan 30000 dan ortiq ishtirokchilar qimmatbaho toshlar va zargarlik buyumlari sanoatining talablarini inobatga olgan holda ishlab chiqarilgan DGemG dasturiga tashrif buyurishdi.
• Forschungsinstitut für mineralische und metallische Werkstoffe Edelsteine ​​/ Edelmetalle GmbH (FEE; Mineral va metall buyumlar qimmatbaho toshlar / qimmatbaho metallarni tadqiq qilish instituti) ham Idar-Oberstaynda joylashgan. FEE kristallarni o'stirishga va optik elementlarni ishlab chiqarishga ixtisoslashgan lazerlar.
• Deutsche Diamantprüflabor GmbH (DPL; Germaniya olmos sinov laboratoriyasi) 1970 yildan beri kesilgan olmoslar. Germaniyadagi (va dunyodagi ikkinchi) ushbu turdagi birinchi laboratoriya sifatida DPL Germaniyaning Test akkreditatsiya tizimi tomonidan rasmiy ravishda sertifikatlangan Berlin xalqaro miqyosda tan olingan standartlarga muvofiq olmoslarning rangini, o'lchamini, kesilishini va mutanosibligini sifat jihatidan baholashni amalga oshirish imkoniyati sifatida.

Turli xil

1997 yilda, a Lufthansa Airbus A319-114 (ro'yxatga olish raqami D-AILN) "Idar-Oberstein" suvga cho'mdirilgan. U o'sha yilning 12 sentyabrida xizmatga kirdi. Samolyot bir muddat firma tomonidan ijaraga olingan Germanwings, ammo keyinchalik Lufthansa parkiga qo'shildi.

Mashhur odamlar

Faxriy fuqarolar

• Otto Deker, 1947 yil 22-dekabrdan
• Harald Fissler, 1995 yil 27 yanvardan beri
• Ida Purper, 1922 yil 24-fevraldan beri Idarning faxriy fuqarosi

Shaharning o'g'illari va qizlari

• Avgust Rudolf Wild, marvarid ustasi
• Bernd Kulman, sportchi, estafet poygachisi
• Bernd Münshtayner, qimmatbaho toshlar rassomi,^[14] yaratuvchisi akuamarin haykal "Dengiz to'lqinlari" / "Dom Pedro"^[14][15]
• Bryus Uillis, Amerikalik aktyor
• Elke Ferner, siyosatchi
• Emil Kirshmann, siyosatchi
• Ernst Rudolf Xuber, huquqshunos va huquqshunos tarixchi
• Frants Xolts, ishlab chiqaruvchi
• Hermann Hogeback Luftwaffe bombardimonchi Ace
• Xolger Myuller, nemis komik aktyori ("Ausbilder Shmidt" - u o'zi qabul qilgan shaxs)
• Yakob Bengel, ishlab chiqaruvchi
• Joelle Franzmann, triatlonchi
• Juliana Blasius, Shinderhannes Veyerbaxning bugungi ta'sis jamoasidan bo'lgan kelini
• Kurt-Ulrich Mayer, siyosatchi (CDU), professor va prezident Saksoniya Xususiy eshittirish va yangi ommaviy axborot vositalari davlat instituti (SLM)
• Leonxard Goffine, katolik ruhoniysi va Christkatholischen Handpostille (traktat)
• Markus Shupp, sobiq professional futbolchi va joriy Bundesliga murabbiy
• Martin Weller, dialektal qo'shiqchi
• Maks Rupp, rassom
• Otto Nitze, bastakor va orkestr ustasi
• Piter Sezar, Reynland-Pfaltsning sobiq adliya vaziri
• Daun-Oberstaynlik Filipp II, Köln arxiyepiskopi
• Rayner Blatt, fizik
• Rudolf Wild-Idar, rassom
• Stefan Münts, nemis kompyuter olimi va muallif ("SELFHTML")
• Volker Erbes, yozuvchi
• Volfgang Schorlau, yozuvchi

Shahar bilan bog'liq taniqli odamlar

• Tomas A. Rux, yozuvchi
• Bryus Uillis, aktyor

Adabiyotlar

• Steinkaulenberg Qimmatbaho toshlar koni
• Deutsches Edelshteynmuzey (Germaniya toshlari muzeyi)
• Idar-Obersteynning qimmatbaho toshlar tarixi Maqolani ko'rib chiqing
• Idar-Obersteynning marvarid sanoati tarixi (tucsonshowguide.com) da Arxiv.bugun (arxivlangan 2009 yil 26-may)

Tashqi havolalar

• Deutsches Edelstein muzeyi (Germaniyaning qimmatbaho toshlar muzeyi) (nemis tilida)
• Idar-Oberstaynning eski rasmlari (nemis tilida)
• Quyidagi muzey Felsenkirche (nemis tilida)
• Obershteynning Felsenkirche ("Crag cherkovi") (nemis tilida)
• Rasmiy veb-sayt (nemis tilida)
• Qimmatbaho toshlar va zargarlik buyumlari xalqaro savdo yarmarkasi ("Intergem")
• Idar-Oberstayn da Curlie
• Idar-Oberstayn haqidagi adabiyotlar ichida Germaniya Milliy kutubxonasi katalog
• "Obershteyn". Britannica entsiklopediyasi (11-nashr). 1911 yil.